Una mirada macroecológica del riesgo de pérdida evolutiva de los roedores de Chile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5683Palabras clave:
Biogeografía, Conservación, Filogenia, Mastozoología, rasgosResumen
La pérdida de biodiversidad es un fenómeno global, pero sus impactos y respuestas varían según las regiones y grupos taxonómicos. En este estudio, aplicamos el enfoque EDGE (distinción evolutiva y en peligro global) para evaluar la priorización de la conservación de los roedores de Chile, altamente diversos y con alto endemismo. Calculamos los valores EDGE a partir de datos filogenéticos y del estado de conservación de 61 especies y analizamos su relación con el tamaño corporal y el rango de distribución mediante regresión filogenética de mínimos cuadrados. Además, examinamos la distribución espacial de la distinción evolutiva (ED) y el índice EDGE a lo largo del gradiente latitudinal de Chile. Nuestros resultados muestran que las especies con baja ED, pero alto peligro global (GE) presentan altos valores EDGE y que existe una asociación negativa entre EDGE y el tamaño del rango de distribución. A nivel espacial, encontramos altos valores de ED en el norte y sur del país, y altos valores de EDGE en el norte y centro-sur. Estos patrones destacan la necesidad de considerar tanto la historia evolutiva como las amenazas actuales para guiar estrategias de conservación más eficaces, especialmente en regiones subrepresentadas en los esquemas globales.
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