Diversidad de eucariotes y niveles tróficos dentro de la bromelia tanque Pseudalcantarea grandis en una zona árida detectados por metabarcoding de ADN ambiental
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5504Palabras clave:
Acuático, Efímero, Zona árida, FitotelmaResumen
Algunas bromelias forman rosetas compactas que acumulan detritus y agua. Esta acumulación se conoce como fitotelma, un hábitat acuático léntico y efímero con comunidades diversas y niveles tróficos complejos. Psedalcantarea grandis es una planta saxícola y forma un fitotelma. Para entender la importancia de P. grandis como reservorio de diversidad acuática en una zona árida, colectamos muestras de agua de 5 plantas en un cañón de Zimapán, Hidalgo, México y las analizamos por metabarcoding del ITS1 (Internal Transcribed Spacer) y una región parcial del gen 5.8S. La secuenciación se hizo en la plataforma Ion Torrent PGM. Asignamos la identidad taxonómica de los amplicones utilizando BLAST de Genbank. Encontramos 26 phyla y 543 géneros, 80% pertenecen a los phyla fúngicos Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Mucoromycota, y
Zoopagomycota. El 20% restante está compuesto por 19 phyla de otros reinos. Los organismos fotosintéticos estuvieron representados por los phyla Bacillariophyta, Charophyta, Chlorophyta y Ochrophyta. Otros organismos fotosintéticos que corresponden a plantas vasculares no viven dentro del tanque, pero forman la hojarasca que mantiene a los descomponedores. Los niveles tróficos en el tanque fueron detritus, micro y macrodescomponedores, filtradores, fotosintetizadores, microdepredadores, depredadores del volumen de agua, depredadores de superficie y parásitos.
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