Diversidad de agallas de hojas en la planta neotropical Coccoloba barbadensis (Polygonaceae) y riqueza de especies de sus insectos asociados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2024.95.5398Palabras clave:
Interacciones tróficas, Hospedero, Parasitoide, Código de barras del DNA, Formador de agallasResumen
Las agallas son un crecimiento anormal de tejido de plantas por la presencia de un insecto inductor que le asegura alimento y protección durante periodos específicos. Además de los formadores de agallas, una vasta comunidad de artrópodos está también asociada, incluidos inquilinos y parasitoides. Pocos estudios han evaluado la diversidad de agallas y su comunidad de insectos en plantas vasculares neotropicales. Aquí se caracteriza la diversidad de agallas foliares de Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq. (Polygonaceae) en un bosque seco tropical mexicano, así como su entomofauna asociada basada en morfología y el código de barras del DNA. Se observaron 5 morfotipos de agallas durante las temporadas seca (abril-junio) y lluviosa (noviembre). Se delimitó un total de 34 y 38 especies de Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera y Lepidoptera con el criterio de divergencia de 2% y el modelo GMYC, respectivamente.
Según las observaciones y datos de literatura, especies de Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) inducen todos los morfotipos de agallas, y los himenópteros están representados por especies parasitoides y probablemente inquilinas de las familias Braconidae, Eulophidae, Eupelmidae, Platygastridae y Torymidae. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de estudios integradores para la delimitación de especies de artrópodos de agallas para tener conocimiento preciso de su diversidad e interacciones tróficas.
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