Discovery of the type material of Polynoe fasciculosa (Annelida, Polychaeta, Polynoidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2026.97.5869Keywords:
Synonymy, Reversal of precedence, Lepidonotus, Bidentate neurochaetaeAbstract
Émile Blanchard described 3 polynoid species from Chile: Polynoe chilensis, P. fasciculosa, and P. virens. The type material of P. chilensis was found in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, but the 2 other species were regarded as indeterminable, and without type specimens. During a research visit in Paris, the type specimens of P. fasciculosa were found, and together with some non-type specimens deposited in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, the species is regarded as a senior synonym of Lepidonotus arenosus Ehlers, 1901, by having 12 pairs of elytra, lateral antennae terminal, elytra fimbriate with macro- and microtubercles globular to polyhedric, and neurochaetae barely bidentate, with accessory denticles often eroded. However, P. fasciculosa, as a junior homonym of P. fasciculosa Grube, 1840, or newly combined as L. fasciculosus, is regarded as a nomen oblitum, and L. arenosus a nomen protectum. The species is redescribed, its features are illustrated, and its distribution extends from Panama to Chile, in shallow subtidal to platform depths in the Eastern Pacific.
References
Augener, H. (1913). Polychaeta I, Errantia. In R. Hartmeyer, & W. Michaelsen (Eds.), Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens Vol. 4: Ergebnisse des Hamburger Südwest-australischen Forschungreise 1905: (pp. 63–304). Jena: Verlag Von Gustav Fischer. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7416
Augener, H. (1924). Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen’s Pacific Expedition 1914-16. Polychaeta II. Polychaeten von Neuseeland, I. Errantia. In Dansk naturhistorisk forening (Ed.), Videnskabelige meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i København Vol. 75 (pp. 241–441). Copenhague: I Kommission Hos C. A. Reitzel.
Baird, W. (1865). Contributions towards a monograph of the species of Annelides belonging to the Aphroditacea, containing a list of the known species, and a description of some new species contained in the National Collection of the British Museum. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 8, 172–202.
Barnich, R., & Fiege, D. (2009). Revision of the genus Harmothoe Kinberg, 1856 (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) in the Northeast Atlantic. Zootaxa, 2104, 1–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2104.1.
Blanchard, E. (1849). Fauna chilena. Anulares. In C. Gay (Ed.), Historia física y política de Chile, Zoología, Tomo 3 (pp. 5–52). Paris: Casa del Autor. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.16172
Bouvier, E. L. (1900). Émile Blanchard: notice nécrologique. In M. M. Les Professeurs-Administrateurs (Eds.), Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, 4ème série, Tome Second. Paris: Masson Et. Cie, Éditeurs.
Dales, R. P. (1962). The polychaete stomodeum and the inter-relationships of the families of Polychaeta. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 139, 389–428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1962.tb01837.x
De Assis, J. E., de Brito, R. J., Christoffersen, M. L., & de Souza, J. R. B. (2015). A catalogue of the scaleworm genus Lepidonotus (Polynoidae, Polychaeta) from South America, with two new records for Brazilian waters. Zookeys, 533, 63–98. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.533.6184
De Quatrefages, A. (1843). Description de quelques espèces nouvelles d’annélides errantes recueillies sur les côtes de la Manche. In M. F. E. Guérin-Méneville (Ed.), Magasin de Zoologie, d’Anatomie Comparée et de Palaeontologie, 6 Annélides (pp. 1–16, Pls. 1–3). Paris: Arthus Bertrand, Libraire-Éditeur.
De Quatrefages, A. (1866). Histoire naturelle des annelés marins et d'eau douce, Annélides et Géphyriens Tome Premier. Paris: Librarie Encyclopédique de Roret. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.122818
Ehlers, E. (1901a). Die anneliden der sammlung plate. In J. W. Spengel, & L. Plate (Eds.), Zoologische Jahrbücher, Supplement 5, Fauna Chiliensis, Abhandlungen der Kenntnis der Zoologie Chiles (pp. 251–271). Jena: Verlag Von Gustav Fischer.
Ehlers, E. (1901b). Die Polychaeten des magellanischen und chilenischen Strandes. Ein faunistischer Versuch. Fetschrift zur Feier des Hundertfünzigjährigen bestehens der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen: Beiträge zur Gelehrtengeschichte Göttingens, Abhandlungen der Matematisch-Physikalischen Klasse, 1–232, pls. 1–25.
Fauvel, P. (1947). Faune de l’Empire Français, VIII. Annélides polychètes de Nouvelle-Calédonie et des Iles Gambier. Paris: Office de la Recherche Scientifique Coloniale.
Gay, C., & Johnston, I. M. (1854). Atlas de la historia física y política de Chile, Tomo 2. Paris: E. Thunot.
Grube, A. E. (1840). Actinien, echinodermen und würmer des Adriatischen- und Mittelmeers nach eigenen sammlungen beschrieben. Königsberg: Verlag von J. H. Bon. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.23025
Grube, A. E. (1870). Bemerkungen über anneliden des Pariser Museums. In G. von A. F. A. Wiegmann, F. von W. F. Erichson, L. I. Leipzig, & F. H. Troschel (Ed.), Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 36 (pp. 281–352). Berlin: Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.25781
Hartman, O. (1939). Polychaetous annelids: part 1 aphroditidae to pisionidae (Plates 1-28). In Allan Hancock Foundation Publications (Ed.), Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, Volume 7 (pp. 1–156). Los Angeles: The University of Southern California Press.
Hartman, O. (1959). Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the world, parts 1 and 2. In Allan Hancock Foundation Publications (Ed.), Allan Hancock Foundation Occasional Papers, no. 23 (pp. 1–628). Los Angeles: The University of Southern California Press. https://doi.org/10.25549/hancock-oUC111637630
Hartwich, G. (1993). Die polychaeten-typen des Zoologischen Museums in Berlin. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 69, 73–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnz.19930690106
ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature). (1999). International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition. London: The Natural History Museum.
Kinberg, J. G. H. (1856). Nya slägten och arter af annelider. Animalia Annulata nova, l. Minus rite cognita recensuit. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, 12, 381–388.
Leach, W. E. (1816). Annulosa. In D. Stewart, J. Playfair, W. T. Brande, & M. Napier (Eds.), Supplement to the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Editions of the Encyclopedia Britannica Volume First (pp. 401–453, Pls. 20–26). Edimburgo: Archibald Constable & Co.
Levinsen, G. M. R. (1883). Systematisk-geografisk oversigt over de nordiske Annulata, Gephyrea, Chaetognathi og Balanoglossi. In Selskabets Bestyrelse (Ed.), Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn (pp. 160–251). Copenhague: Kgl. Hofbogtrykker Bianco Luna. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.16117
Montagu, G. (1808). Description of several marine animals found on the south coast of Devonshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 9, 81–114, Pls. 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1818.tb00327.x
Muñoz-Pizarro, C. (1944). El itinerario de Don Claudio Gay. Boletín Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, 22, 27–44. https://doi.org/10.54830/bmnhn.v22.1944.660
Pallas, P. S. (1766). Miscellanea Zoologica: quibus novae imprimis atque obscurae animalium species describuntur et observationibus iconibusque illustrantur. La Haya: Pretum van Cleef. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.69851
Pruvot, G. (1930). Annélides polychètes de Nouvelle-Calédonie recueillies par M. François. In H. de Lacaze-Duthiers (Ed.), Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale, Tome 70 (pp. 1–94, Pls. 1–3). Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Read, G., & Fauchald, K. (Eds.) (2026). World Polychaeta Database. Lepidonotus Leach, 1816. Retrieved Feb 20, 2026 from, https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=129496
Read, G., & Fauchald, K. (Eds). (2026b). World Polychaeta Database. Polynoe fasciculosa Blanchard in Gay, 1849. Retrieved Feb 20, 2026 from, https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=330989
Rozbaczylo, N. (1985). Los anélidos poliquetos de Chile: índice sinonímico y distribución geográfica de especies. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Monografías Biológicas, 3, 1–284.
Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., & Díaz-Díaz, O. (2017). Poliquetos bentónicos en Chile. In O. Díaz-Díaz, D. Bone, C. T. Rodríguez, & V. H. Delgado-Blas (Eds.), Poliquetos de Sudamérica (pp. 51–70). Cumaná: Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela.
Salazar-Vallejo, S. I. (2018). Kemp, C. 2017. The lost species: great expeditions in the collections of natural history museums. Biología y Sociedad, 1, 84–88. https://doi.org/10.29105/bys1.2-45
Seidler, H. J. (1924). Beiträge zur kenntnis der polynoiden 1. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 89, 1–217.
Solís-Weiss, V., Bertrand, Y., Helléouet, M. N., & Pleijel, F. (2004). Types of polychaetous annelids at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Zoosystema, 26, 377–384.
Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1962). Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948–49. 43. Polychaeta Errantia. Acta Universitets Arsskrift, (Avd.2), 57, 1–137.
Willey, A. (1902). Polychaeta. In B. Sharpe, & J. Bell (Eds.), Report on the collections of natural history made in the Antarctic regions during the voyage of the "Southern Cross" (pp. 262–283). British Museum, London.
