The high morphological variation found in the immature stages of the nematode Gnathostoma sp. I is not supported by molecular information
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5098Keywords:
Gnathostoma spp., Advanced third stage, Phylogeny, Mexico, MarsupialsAbstract
The third-stage advanced larvae (AdvL3) of Gnathostoma sp. I isolated from the musculature of Dormitator latifrons and Rhamdia guatemalensis are identical to each other morphological and molecularly, and are genetically related to a juvenile isolated from the liver of Didelphis marsupialis, in the Ostuta River basin, Oaxaca. They are different from the 3 species of Gnathostoma described from Mexico by body size and the hooks of the cephalic bulb in the AdvL3 stage, as well as, in the presence of a cuticular pouch at the posterior end of the juvenile male. Through the COI molecular marker, a genetic distance analysis, and phylogenetic inference among the species of the genus, we conclude that Gnathostoma sp. I is closely related to, but distinct from G. turgidum and from other species found in Mexico and worldwide, even though there is not enough material to establish it as a new species. Additionally, based on morphologic characteristics, we documented the discovery of AdvL3 of G. lamothei (in Rhambdia guatemalensis and Lontra longicaudis) and AdvL3 of another unidentified species (in R. guatemalensis and Synbranchus marmoratus), which is distinct to above according to morphologic and molecular evidence.
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