Contribución a la diversidad y distribución del género Scleroderma (Boletales: Sclerodermataceae) en México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2026.97.5660Palabras clave:
DNA ambiental, Suelo, Macromicetos, BiogeografíaResumen
El orden Boletales constituye uno de los grupos de macromicetos más diversos y ampliamente distribuidos, con el género Scleroderma como un representante significativo. A pesar de su relevancia, los estudios sobre su sistemática y diversidad en México son escasos. En este trabajo analizamos la diversidad y distribución de Scleroderma en México a partir de toda la información disponible (registros de especímenes, DNA de esporomas y DNA ambiental). Se evaluaron 120 secuencias de DNA nrITS, de las cuales 27 corresponden a muestras ambientales; las restantes se obtuvieron de bases de datos públicas. Mientras que por taxonomía morfológica se han citado 15 especies de Scleroderma en el país, nuestros resultados sugieren aproximadamente 24 especies. Los análisis filogenéticos revelaron 4 clados principales: el clado A corresponde a la sección Scleroderma e incluye a S. albidum s.l., S. areolatum y S. cepa/laeve; el clado B incluye las especies de la sección Sclerangium y a S. anomalosporum; el clado C integra únicamente a S. dictyosporum; y el D corresponde a la sección Reticulatae, e incluye a S. bovista, S. citrinum s.l. y S. meridionale. Asimismo, se reporta por primera vez en México la presencia de S. capeverdeanum y S. venenatum.
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