Población panmíctica de la polilla polinizadora Tegeticula baja (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) a lo largo de la distribución de sus plantas hospederas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5659Palabras clave:
Interacciones ecológicas, Diversidad genética, Historia demográfica, Asociación planta-insecto, Estructura poblacional, YuccaResumen
Las interacciones ecológicas y la historia demográfica moldean la diversidad genética de las poblaciones. Tegeticula baja es una polinizadora especialista de diferentes yuccas hospederas en la península de Baja California, una región que experimentó cambios en la distribución de los hábitats durante el Pleistoceno. Para evaluar los efectos de la especificidad del huésped y los cambios históricos en la configuración de los hábitats, i) analizamos la estructura genética de las poblaciones de polillas asociadas a distintos hospederos, ii) identificamos señales de cambios demográficos históricos y iii) reconstruimos su distribución potencial en el pasado. Genotipificamos el COI de 128 polillas de 39 localidades y estimamos la diversidad genética, la estructura poblacional y la historia demográfica. Encontramos una diversidad haplotípica global de 0.708 y una diversidad nucleotídica de 0.0015. Las poblaciones de polillas asociadas a las 3 especies de plantas mostraron niveles de diversidad similares, sin evidencia de estructura genética. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la asociación ecológica con diferentes plantas huésped no impulsa la diversificación de T. baja. En cambio, su historia demográfica ha desempeñado un papel más importante en la configuración de su diversidad genética.
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