Ixchela azteca (Araneae: Pholcidae), una especie de araña ampliamente distribuida en el centro de México: ¿diversidad subestimada o variación morfológica y genética?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5466Palabras clave:
Species delimitation, Integrative taxonomy, CO1, Ecology, biogeographic provinces.Resumen
Describimos la variación morfológica y genética en Ixchela azteca Valdez-Mondragón & Francke del centro de México, basado en morfología y código de barras de ADN del marcador mitocondrial citocromo c oxidasa subunidad 1 (CO1). Análisis moleculares de delimitación de especies incluyen tres métodos bajo el criterio de distancias genéticas p corregidas neighbor-joining (NJ): 1) Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP), 2) General Mixed Yule Coalescent model (GMYC), and 4) Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP). Los análisis genéticos entre dos poblaciones de I. azteca encontraron una distancia genética p del 3.5%. Los métodos moleculares y morfología no fueron congruentes para delimitar y reconocer dos posibles especies diferentes, pero sí se reconocen dos poblaciones alopátricas de I. azteca. En conclusión, la incongruencia de los métodos de delimitación molecular para la delimitación de especies en combinación con la evidencia morfológica, genética, ecológica y biogeográfica, corrobora a I. azteca como una especie ampliamente extendida en la región central de México, con poblaciones alopátricas en zonas templadas pero también en regiones semiáridas.
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