Variabilidad genética del nemátodo Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi (Tylenchida:Allantonematidae), parásito natural de la broca del café (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) usando secuencias de COI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5460Palabras clave:
Endoparásito obligado, Plaga de insectos, Variación genética, Gen COI, Árbol filogenético, Estructura genéticaResumen
El nemátodo Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi (Poinar) (Tylenchida: Allantonematidae) es un parásito de la broca del café (Hypothenemus hampei), una de las principales plagas del cultivo de café. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la variación genética de M. hypothenemi mediante el gen mitocondrial citocromo oxidasa subunidad I (COI). Se obtuvieron hembras reproductoras de M. hypothenemi de brocas silvestres parasitadas para la extracción, amplificación y secuenciación de DNA. Los análisis filogenéticos revelaron 2 linajes bien diferenciados y 6 haplotipos distribuidos en 18 poblaciones a lo largo de un transecto de 100 km. La diversidad genética global
fue moderada (Hd = 0.52 ± 0.06), con un haplotipo dominante en 16 poblaciones y otros representativos o aislados geográficamente. Las poblaciones mostraron una alta diferenciación genética y flujo genético restringido. Estos resultados confirman la utilidad del gen COI para analizar la variación genética de M. hypothenemi y proporcionan
bases moleculares para futuros estudios sobre su biología y manejo.
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