Variación de la diversidad beta entre tipos de plantas con diferente dependencia del agua en los palmares áridos de la península de Baja California
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2025.96.5386Palabras clave:
Plantas acuáticas, Humedales áridos, Similitud florística, Desierto sonorenseResumen
Los palmares de la península de Baja California conforman una red semi-aislada de humedales áridos por más
de 1,000 km. Las plantas de estos palmares muestran distinto grado de adaptación acuática, incluyendo tres tipos de hidrófitas (acuáticas, subacuáticas y tolerantes) y no hidrófitas o intolerantes. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar el efecto que diferente grado de especialización acuática entre grupos tiene en su cambio de similitud florística entre palmares respecto a la distancia. Después de revisar la literatura científica, compilamos la relación florística de 25 palmares de la región y encontramos 518 especies (27 acuáticas, 57 subacuáticas, 53 tolerantes y 381 intolerantes). Utilizamos el índice de similitud de Sørensen para estimar la similitud en los 4 grupos y analizamos cómo la similitud cambia en función de la distancia entre palamares. La similitud florística disminuyó en los 4 grupos al aumentar la distancia, según un modelo exponencial negativo (S=S0·e-bd), con tasa de disminución (b) creciente conforme es menor la dependencia del agua (bAcuáticas = 0.0010, bSubacuáticas = 0.0016, bTolerantes = 0.0029, bIntolerantes = 0.0046). En síntesis, la adaptación acuática de las plantas de los palmares de la península de Baja California afecta el patrón geográfico de la diversidad beta en estos humedales.
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