Microbiota bacteriana sanguínea de la tortuga texana Gopherus berlandieri en Tamaulipas, México
Blood microbiota of Gopherus berlandieri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2024.95.5365Palabras clave:
Secuenciación, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Salmonella entericaResumen
La microbiota bacteriana sanguínea de la tortuga texana (Gopherus berlandieri) en Tamaulipas, México, fue caracterizada mediante secuenciación de siguiente generación. En 2019 se colectó sangre de 6 tortugas silvestres. Se extrajo el DNA, se amplificó la región V3-V4 del gen 16S rRNA y se realizó secuenciación con Illumina. Los resultados mostraron 9 phyla, 20 clases, 42 órdenes, 81 familias, 176 géneros y 299 especies bacterianas. Firmicutes fue el phylum más abundante en la sangre de G. berlandieri; este taxón ha sido registrado como predominante en intestino, excremento, exudados nasales y saliva de otras especies de Gopherus. Los géneros bacterianos dominantes fueron Caldalkalibacillus, Anaerobacillus, Nesterenkonia y Bacillus. Estos taxa se encuentran en suelos alcalinos y halófilos como los que se presentan en las madrigueras de G. berlandieri. Todos estos taxa bacterianos podrían ingresar al torrente sanguíneo vía translocación intestinal, oral y nasal. En la sangre de esta tortuga se registraron 3 taxa (Coxiella sp., Ehrlichia sp. y Anaplasma phagocytophilum) que se trasmiten por artrópodos y el patógeno potencial Salmonella enterica. Esta información es una primera referencia bacteriológica de la sangre de G. berlandieri y se espera que sea de utilidad en programas de salud y conservación.
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