Bacterias extremótrofas y extremófilas resistentes a radiación UV-B aisladas de la laguna de Salinas, un humedal altoandino del Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2024.95.5312Palabras clave:
Extremófilos, Extremótrofos, Resistencia UV-B, Laguna de SalinasResumen
La laguna de Salinas es un humedal salino altoandino ubicado en la región de Arequipa al sur de Perú. Actualmente, está sometido a actividades antropogénicas como la extracción de sales, el turismo de aventura y el cambio climático. A pesar de ser un entorno de importancia biológica, la diversidad de poblaciones microbianas ha sido poco explorada. La ubicación de este entorno en una región con índice UV extremos, altitud sobre 4,000 m y otros factores adversos destacan este ambiente como potencial para la bioprospección de microorganismos extremófilos y extremótrofos. En el presente estudio aislamos cepas bacterianas nativas de muestras de agua de la laguna de Salinas y realizamos la caracterización fenotípica a nivel morfológico y fisiológico mediante ensayos de tolerancia a NaCl, temperatura, pH y radiación UV-B. Reportamos cepas halotolerantes, psicrotolerantes, alcalófilas moderadas y cepas resistentes a radiación UV-B y una cepa alcalófila obligada. La identificación se realizó mediante el análisis molecular basado en el DNAr 16S. Los géneros identificados fueron Arthrobacter, Brachybacterium, Dietzia, Bacillus y Planococcus. Hasta donde sabemos, el presente trabajo es el primer reporte sobre microorganismos extremófilos y extremótrofos presentes en la laguna de Salinas, promoviendo un nuevo enfoque de prospección sobre este entorno.
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