Hongos saprótrofos neotropicales de bosque de Juniperus deppeana (Cupressaceae): aislamiento, identificación, cultivo in vitro y preservación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2023.94.5223Palabras clave:
Basidiomicetos, Caracterización, Bosque perturbado, Identificación taxonómica, Filogenia molecularResumen
La alteración de los bosques por actividades antropogénicas y fenómenos naturales ha llevado al desarrollo de
características adaptativas para que los organismos puedan tolerarlos o usarlos en su beneficio. En este trabajo se
aislaron e identificaron hongos saprótrofos de un bosque de Juniperus deppeana perturbado para su propagación in
vitro. Se recolectaron 31 especímenes; se propagaron en extracto de malta agar (EMA), papa dextrosa agar (PDA),
agar lignina Kraft (A-L) y medio mineral (MM). La identificación taxonómica se realizó a partir de caracteres macro
y micromorfológicos de los basidiomas, y fue complementada con un análisis filogenético de secuencias ITS. Solo
7 de las cepas crecieron en condiciones in vitro; los medios EMA y PDA fueron donde mejor se desarrollaron. La
temperatura ambiente (~22 °C) y la preservación a 4 °C fueron las mejores condiciones para mantener la viabilidad
de las cepas. Después de 6 meses, las cepas preservadas en glicerol (15%) a 4° y -20 °C no fueron viables. Los
hongos aislados pertenecen a los géneros Agrocybe, Byssomerulius, Coniophora y Gymnopus. Dada las condiciones
ambientales donde las cepas fueron aisladas, éstas representan nuevos prospectos de investigación para la obtención
de biomoléculas de interés biotecnológico.
Citas
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